My Home Netscaler Lab: June 2016

NetScaler with Unified Gateway

Introduction

NetScaler with Unified Gateway provides access to all your corporate applications and consolidates your entire remote access infrastructure under One URL.

It provides remote access, from any device, to

Citrix XenApp and XenDesktop environment,

Intranet based Web apps,

Cloud based SAAS apps,

SSL VPN based remote access apps(like RDP!!) and

Integration with XenMobile (MDM.MAM Solution).

For IT, this helps improve the efficiency and reduce cost of ownership.

For users it provides enhanced user experience - one URL for accessing any corporate application from any device type.

Integrate this with StoreFront's(v3.5 Only) unified Citrix Receiver experience to give your users - similar user experience from any device connecting to the same URL for all their corporate applications.

Infrastructure

Component	IP address/Host Name	Notes
CS VS	192.168.1.15	Content Switching Virtual Server. The single URL resolves to this IP address
VPN VS	0.0.0.0	VPN Server - provides Authentication services to other LB virtual servers. Also provides access to Citrix Applications

Domain Controller	192.168.1.4	Domain Controller - Authentication policy talks to this server to authenticate users.
Store Front 1	192.168.1.151/ddc01.sun.ad	Citrix Store Front servers.
Store Front 2	Not Present
LB VS	0.0.0.0	Load Balancing Virtual Server which load balances our web application
Web Server 1	192.168.1.153	Web server hosting our test web application
Web Server 2	Not Present

Approach

We know Netscaler provides a more than handy graphical user interface, but command line interface will give us better understanding of what is being configured.

So we will try to do most of the work using the command line interface – we will only do the Unified Gateway “creation” using the GUI. Everything else will be done using the CLI.

Let us get started !!

Enable Features

There are a host of features which work together to get the magic done, we will enable them using the following NetScaler commands.

> enable ns feature CS

> enable ns feature SSLVPN

> enable ns feature SSL

> enable ns feature AAA

> enable ns feature LB

Add required IP addresses

In case your infrastructure apps require an addition of a new SNIP address, use the following command to add a new SNIP

> add ns ip 192.168.1.12 255.255.255.0 -type SNIP -arp ENABLED -icmp ENABLED -vServer ENABLED -snmp ENABLED -mgmtAccess DISABLED -restrictAccess DISABLED -state ENABLED

Where 192.168.1.12 is the new SNIP being added to the NetScaler.

DNS

NetScaler will need to talk to a lot of application servers which are not necessarily in control of the IT department. These servers are controlled and managed by Application development teams and hence are very very prone IP address changes.

It is always a good practise to use hostnames wherever possible and it gets imperative that we get NetScaler appliances talking to the corporate DNS infrastructure.

Use the following commands to configure the IP addresses of your DNS servers as the nameservers on the NetScaler appliances -

> add nameServer 192.168.1.4

> add nameServer 192.168.1.3

NetScaler expects at least on DNS Suffix to be configured before it gets talking to the DNS infrastructure, so let us oblige..

> add dns suffix sun.ad

Certificates

Since the Unified Gateway virtual servers will be SSL/VPN virtual servers, we need different sets of “Web Server Certificates” –

For the Content Switching Virtual Server – the same can be used for the VPN virtual server for this deployment.

Certificate needs to copied to the “/nsconfig/ssl” directory on the Netscaler. For details on the Certificate request process, please refer to the Citrix article < http://support.citrix.com/article/CTX109260>

My Certificate file “star.sun.ad.cer” and key file “star.sun.ad.key” are now located on the Netscaler at the directory “/nsconfig/ssl”.

We will use the following command to configure the “Certkey” which will be required for our deployment

> add ssl certKey star.sun.ad –cert /nsconfig/ssl/star.sun.ad.cer -key /nsconfig/ssl/star.sun.ad.key -inform DER

This particular test deployment does not need a CA certificate on the Netscaler as at no point we are enforcing NetScaler to do SSL Server validation. But in some scenarios where your web application is an SSL based applications and you want Netscaler to do server authentication, you will need to add a CA certificate

> add ssl certKey RootCA.sun.ad -cert /nsconfig/ssl/RootCA_for_wildCardCert.cer -inform DER

Authentication Policies.

Netscaler supports multiple methods of authentication like PKI Certificate based Auth, Radius, local, Kerberos Delegation, SAML among others.

In this test deployment we will use the Active directory domain authentication as our authentication mechanism. We will look to add Multi factor authentication into this deployment later in this document.

But for now, we will add an LDAP Authentication policy -

add authentication ldapAction 192.168.1.4_LDAP -serverIP 192.168.1.4 -serverPort 389 -authTimeout 3 -ldapBase "cn=users,dc=sun,dc=ad" -ldapBindDn "CN=testuser,CN=Users,DC=sun,DC=ad" -ldapBindDnPassword "****" -ldapLoginName sAMAccountName -groupAttrName memberOf -subAttributeName cn -secType PLAINTEXT -svrType AD -authentication ENABLED -requireUser YES -passwdChange DISABLED -nestedGroupExtraction OFF -followReferrals OFF -referralDNSLookup A-REC -validateServerCert NO

add authentication ldapPolicy 192.168.1.4_LDAP_pol NS_TRUE 192.168.1.4_LDAP

Switch Used	Value used for test Deployement	Explanation
serverIP	192.168.1.4	Domain Controller IP address
serverPort	389	LDAP port
authTimeout	3
ldapBase	cn=users,dc=sun,dc=ad	Base DN where to search for user name in AD
ldapBindDn	CN=testuser,CN=Users,DC=sun,DC=ad	DN of the LDAP bind user account
ldapBindDnPassword	*******	LDAP bind user account password
ldapLoginName	sAMAccountName	Where to look for User Name
groupAttrName	memberOf
subAttributeName	cn
secType	PLAINTEXT	LDAP security type
svrType	AD	LDAP server Type
authentication	ENABLED
requireUser	YES
passwdChange	DISABLED
nestedGroupExtraction	OFF
followReferrals	OFF
referralDNSLookup	A
REC
validateServerCert	NO

Use Wizard to add Unified Gateway

As I had mentioned earlier – we will use the “Unified Gateway” wizard to add Unified Gateway Skeleton. I will also try to explain what this wizard has actually done and list down the commands to achieve the same –

Launch the Wizard.

Scroll down to the bottom of the “Configuration” tab on the NetScaler GUI and Click on the “Unified Gateway” under “Integrate with Citrix Products”

Click Continue on the next page.
Add a suitable “Name”, publically accessible “IP address” and Port on the “Unified Gateway Configuration” Page.
The URL used by the users to access their applications will resolve to this IP address. The port number should be 443, unless your internal firewall changes that to a custom port.

“Use Existing Certificate” and select the CertKey which we created in steps above.

Select “Active Directory/LDAP” as the primary Authentication Method and select the “Use Existing Server” , then select the LDAP policy we created in the steps above.

Select “X1”, just because it is the coolest feature of NetScaler, yet.

Click “Continue”, leaving the “Applications” blank. Complete the Unified Gateway setup.

Configuration by the Wizard

At this point we notice that the Unified Gateway Wizard has –

Created a Content Switching Virtual Server.

This Content Switching Virtual Server has the public IP address which we assigned to our “Unified Gateway”

Content Switching Policy

This Unified Gateway also has a Content Switching Policy Assigned to it. Let us have a look –

This Content Switching policy has been configured with a rule “is_vpn_url”, which is a new advanced policy expression, which matches all NetScaler Gateway and authentication-specific requests.

The content switching action –

The VPN virtual Server

This Content switching action sends all authentication related requests to the VPN virtual Server –

Please note that the VPN virtual server created in the request above has is non-addressable.
There is one session Policy and Session Profile created and bound with this VPN virtual server –

Netscaler v11.0, b 65.35.nc has this bug that the VPN server created above by the wizard stays down. The reason for that is that NetScaler expects an SSL virtual Server to have an SSL certificate assigned to it. We will go ahead and bind the same certificate, we assigned to Unified Gateway, to this virtual server as well.

> bind ssl vserver UG_VPN_unified.sun.ad -certkeyName star.sun.ad

Done

Add Citrix Farm

Now that we have a skeleton “Unified Gateway” created, we will add applications to it.

We will start by adding the Citrix farm. Here is a quick introduction of our Citrix farm, for this deployment

Role	Server Name	IP address
STOREFRONT SERVER	DDC01.SUN.AD	192.168.1.152
DELIVERY CONTROLLER	DDC01.SUN.AD	192.168.1.152
LICENSE SERVER	XA01.SUN.AD	192.168.1.151
XENAPP SERVER	XA01.SUN.AD	192.168.1.151

Modify CS policy created by the Wizard above –

We start by enabling the content witching virtual server to forward the requests sent to the Citrix StoreFront server to the VPN virtual server, which will also act as the “Access Gateway” virtual Server for our ICA traffic.

To do this we change the existing content switching policy -

> set cs policy UG_CSPOL_unified.sun.ad -rule "is_vpn_url || HTTP.REQ.URL.PATH.SET_TEXT_MODE(IGNORECASE).STARTSWITH(\"/citrix/storeweb\")" -action UG_CSACT_unified.sun.ad

where “storeweb” is the name of my StoreFront’s web store.

Add new Session Profile

For the VPN virtual server to provide ICA proxy services, we will have to add new session profiles and session policies. These session policies will define how the requests sent for the Citrix XenApp/XenDesktop access are treated by the VPN virtual server.

We will start by adding the a profile for “web access” -

add vpn sessionAction AC_WB_19.168.1.15 -defaultAuthorizationAction ALLOW -SSO ON -ssoCredential PRIMARY -icaProxy ON -wihome "https://ddc01.sun.ad/citrix/storeweb" -wihomeAddressType IPV4 -ClientChoices ON -ntDomain SUN -clientlessVpnMode DISABLED

Switch Used	Value used for test Deployement	Explanation
add vpn sessionAction	AC_WB_19.168.1.15	Name of the Session profile
defaultAuthorizationAction	ALLOW
SSO	ON	Single Sign on to storeFront
ssoCredential	PRIMARY	Credentials to use for Single Sign on
icaProxy	ON	Citrix access required
wihome	"https://ddc01.sun.ad/citrix/storeweb"	URL of the StoreFront web store
wihomeAddressType	IPV4
ClientChoices	ON	Do we want to display multiple option for the users
ntDomain	SUN	Active Domain to authenticate agains
clientlessVpnMode	DISABLED	Clientless access

Add New Session Policy

Assign the above session action to a session policy –

add vpn sessionPolicy PL_WB_19.168.1.15 "REQ.HTTP.HEADER User-Agent NOTCONTAINS CitrixReceiver && REQ.HTTP.HEADER Referer EXISTS" AC_WB_19.168.1.15

Bind the session policy to the VPN server

Bind the above policy to the VPN server and add STAs.

bind vpn vserver UG_VPN_unified.sun.ad -policy PL_WB_19.168.1.15 -Priority 100

bind vpn vserver UG_VPN_unified.sun.ad -staServer "http://ddc01.sun.ad" -staAddressType IPV4

Add an Intranet application

Now we will try to add an intranet base web application, like OWA, to the Unified Gateway.

A quick introduction to my web application –

Server Name	IIS01.SUN.AD
Server IP addresses	192.168.1.151
Web Server Type	IIS Web server
Web Authentication Type	Basic Authentication
Web App type	Static HTML page

To enable this we will create a load balancing virtual server which will represent our web application server(s). Then we will configure authentication for this LB virtual server. In the end we will add content switching policy to request our CS virtual server to forward all our “web application” requests to this LB virtual server.

Create a load balancing vserver

add service svc_http_iis_default 192.168.1.153 http 80

add lb vserver lb_vserver_http_iis_default http

bind lb vserver lb_vserver_http_iis_default svc_http_iis_default

Now, we will use the following command to direct the VPN virtual server to perform user authentication for this load balancing virtual server.

set lb vserver lb_vserver_http_iis_default \

-Authentication ON -authn401 OFF \

-AuthenticationHost unified.sun.ad \

-authnVsName UG_VPN_unified.sun.ad \

-lbMethod LEASTCONNECTION \

-persistMask 255.255.255.255 \

-downStateFlush ENABLED

An application URL object will be created and assigned to the VPN virtual server. This will enable a link of the application to be displayed on “Client Choices” page.

Create an application URL object and

add vpn url "IIS Web App" "IIS Web App" \

"/iisstart.htm" \

-vServerName \

lb_vserver_http_iis_default \

-clientlessAccess OFF \

-ssotype unifiedgateway \

–applicationtype CVPN

Bind this URL object it to the VPN server

bind vpn vserver UG_VPN_unified.sun.ad -urlName "IIS Web App"

Create new Content Switching action and policy

This CS policy will “switch” users to new application when they click on it.

> add cs action "UG_CSACT_unified.sunadIIS Web App" -targetLBVserver lb_vserver_http_iis_default

> add cs policy "UG_CSPOL_unified.sunadIIS Web App" \

-rule "HTTP.REQ.URL.PATH.STARTSWITH(\"/iisstart.htm\")" \

-action "UG_CSACT_unified.sunadIIS Web App"

> bind cs vserver unified.sun.ad \

-policyName "UG_CSPOL_unified.sunadIIS Web App" \

-priority 63010 -gotoPriorityExpression END -type REQUEST

“iisstart.htm” is the path of my web application.

This finishes our Unified Gateway deployment.

Testing

Make sure that, on your test machine, when you ping the “subject” of your web server certificate it resolves to the IP address of the unified gateway –
A DNS entry will have to be created on the public DNS for the users to be able to access the URL, but for testing purposes the hosts file can be edited.